María Paula Iglesia Llanos
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Encyclopedia of Marine Geosciences pp 1-8 02 February 2015
Introduction

From the Late Carboniferous until the Middle Jurassic, continents were assembled in a quasi-rigid supercontinent called Pangea, which occupied most of a hemisphere, while the rest of the Earth’s was part of a large ocean called Panthalassa. For decades, authors interpreted that South America remained stationary in similar present-day latitudes during most of the Mesozoic and the end of the Palaeozoic, because paleomagnetic poles (PP) clustered close to the geographical pole (e.g., Valencio et al., 1983; Oviedo and Vilas, 1984; Beck, 1999). More recent data obtained in Patagonia, Argentina, show that Early Jurassic PP actually fall far away from the geographic pole (Iglesia Llanos et al., 2006).

Using these and other selected poles from South America, a substantially different and more refined Jurassic apparent polar wander (APW) path was constructed (Iglesia Llanos et al., 2006; Iglesia Llanos and Prezzi, 2013). APW paths depict the past positions of the Earth’s spin axis (= ...

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